Contents

What are the causes of ADHD? What are the symptoms of ADHD in children? How is ADHD treated without medication? What can be said about ADHD Medications, Tests, Sports, Music? Let’s examine our article together, where we seek answers to questions such as.

Socialization in Children, ADHD, impulsivity, concentration problems, the first answer to these frequently asked questions is that it should be known that the child’s behavior is not intentional. This situation, which may be related to hormonal or genetic structure, can be treated in children under the age of 12, but especially in preschool children, with behavioral therapies (Aba therapy), attention, and focus studies without medication.

In preschool ages, various therapies are recommended through educational activities instead of medication.

Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) can have common characteristics and negatively affect the child’s social life in later ages, leading to academic failure.

Let’s take a look at the concepts of attention deficit, hyperactivity, and ADHD, their causes, symptoms in children and babies, and their types.

Let’s find answers to questions about advice for hyperactive children, current information on music, sports, exercise, statistics and medications.

WHAT IS ADHD ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER?

Names such as ADHD, Hyperactivity, impulsivity, attention deficit define a neurodevelopmental disorder that causes behavioral problems along with communication. Although it is sometimes described as a disease, it is important to know that it is not contagious.

In attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder, scientific sources refer to the differences in size or less blood flow in the basal ganglia and the frontal region of the brain.
In children and adults with hyperactivity and attention deficit disorder (ADHD), it is a common situation that behaviors cannot be controlled in direct proportion to age.
It is mostly diagnosed between the ages of 6 and 12 because behaviors are more noticeable at these ages. While the frequency of occurrence among children and adolescents is estimated to be between 5% and 8%, it is thought to be carried into adulthood by 3%. (CDC disease research center data America)
According to research, it is reported that there has been a more than 2-fold increase in prevalence in the last 10 years.
This astronomical increase is partly attributed to the increased awareness of the disease and its recognition.
The child’s communication skills should be developed on socialization with special education and rehabilitation training.
Keeping in mind that in some studies, 30% of mental development up to the age of 18 occurs before the age of 8, a solution should be provided with early diagnosis before school.

WHAT ARE THE CAUSES OF HYPERACTIVITY AND ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER?

What are the causes of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder?
Let’s explain this question with items, but first of all, it should be noted that the causes of “attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder” are not known for sure, but some findings have been detected. Some possible differences have been detected in children with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder compared to those without.

Reasons that may lead to ADHD differences

  • Premature birth (birth before 37 weeks)
  • Low birth weight in newborns.
  • Smoking, alcohol or drug abuse during pregnancy.
  • Caesarean section.1
  • Brain injury or head trauma
  • Environmental influences during pregnancy or at a young age (for example, heavy metals such as lead accumulating in the body)2
  • Iron deficiency is one of the suspected factors in attention deficit.
  • Vitamin deficiencies such as B6, B12, and magnesium, which cause fatigue and negatively affect memory.

WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF HYPERACTIVITY AND ATTENTION DEFICIT IN BABIES?

Hyperactivity and attention deficit disorder (ADHD) in babies is a condition that can be difficult to detect.
Because ADHD, which does not show symptoms before the age of 5, is visible in social life behaviors and often with language speech, it is not possible to identify it in children and babies before the age of 5.
Only parental education on hyperactivity and attention deficit disorder in babies until the age of 5 is recommended by the “American Psychiatric Association (APA), which is considered the world’s authority on ADHD”.

WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF ATTENTION DEFICIT AND HYPERACTIVE IN CHILDREN?

Since symptoms of hyperactivity and attention deficit, in other words ADHD, are mainly detected between the ages of 6 and 12 in children, the symptoms become more visible in social environments in the classroom.

  • Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may appear not to listen to their teachers in class.
  • It may be difficult for children with attention deficit or hyperactive children to catch up with their peers academically.
  • Children with attention deficit disorder may have discipline problems and may appear unresponsive to attempts at discipline.
  • It should be noted that a child showing ADHD symptoms is not intentionally naughty, but rather that the problem is a neurodevelopmental structural disorder.
  • There are studies showing that hyperactivity disorder and attention deficit disorder are 4 to 10 times more common in boys than in girls. 3
  • For children and infants with ADHD, the American Psychiatric Association recommends parent education only through age 6.
  • In the treatment of children between the ages of 6 and 12 who are hyperactive and show signs of attention deficit, behavioral attention therapies in special education and rehabilitation centers are recommended primarily by international studies and the APA.
  • When special education and rehabilitation processes fail to treat attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder, psychopharmacological treatment should be considered.
  • With early diagnosis, behaviors in children can be controlled so that they can continue on their path as productive, successful individuals in their later years.
  • The point that needs to be noted is that families should be calm but alert, seek help from a medical doctor or psychiatrist as soon as they sense any abnormality in their children, and then start treatment with behavioral therapies in special education and rehabilitation centers first.

HOW CAN ATTENTION DEFICIT AND HYPERACTIVITY BE DETECTED IN CHILDREN AND ADULTS?

The main source used to diagnose attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder in children, adults and even babies is the definitions in the “DSM 5” booklet published by the American Psychiatric Association “APA”.

By reviewing the items below, you can diagnose attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and at least get an idea about your child before seeing a medical doctor.

WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF ADHD?

  • Lack of Attention
  • Hyperactivity and impulsivity
  • It is divided into 3 parts as the situation of having equal degrees in both.

According to the 5th booklet of the American Psychiatric Association (DSM 5), you can examine the items explained below and if you suspect problems in yourself or your child, you can request expert support and consult a medical doctor for diagnosis.
Special education and rehabilitation and education processes begin after the diagnosis phase.

ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER SCALE (DSM5 – APA American Psychiatric Association)

For children up to 16 years of age, if 6 or more of the following items are present.
For adults over 17 years of age, if 7 or more of the items are present.
If symptoms of attention deficit have been present for more than 6 months, please consult a specialist.

  • Getting distracted too quickly.
  • Difficulties maintaining attention and focus.
  • Lost items due to forgetfulness resulting from distraction.
  • Frequent forgetting of planned activities due to lack of attention.
  • Appearing disinterested in the speaker as a result of difficulties in focusing.
  • Tendency to quickly abandon a given task as a result of lack of attention.
  • The state of being scattered. The main reason for this problem is actually characterized by the person quickly abandoning the action he is doing and taking on another task, thus forgetting the work he left behind.

HYPERACTIVITY AND IMPULSIVITY SCALE

Families and adults of children with hyperactivity and impulsivity problems can decide whether they need expert support for hyperactivity and impulsivity by examining the items below.

If children under the age of 16 have had 6 or more items, adults over the age of 17 have had
5 or more items listed below for 6 months, please consult a counselor.

  • Children and adults who are hyperactive and impulsive may exhibit overactive limb movements.
  • Children and adults who experience hyperactivity and impulsivity. Not being able to sit still or rest.
  • Disturbing restlessness in adults, excessive energy and constant running and climbing in children
  • Difficulty participating in quiet activities
  • Difficulties waiting for a turn to speak
  • Responding hastily before the questions are completed
  • Interrupting and interrupting others while they are speaking
  • These situations actually result in the person getting tired not only by tiring himself but also by tiring his social environment.

ADHD SCALE (CO-EXISTENCE OF ATTENTION DEFICIT AND IMPULSORY HYPERACTIVITY)

It is the situation where the problems of attention deficit and hyperactivity and impulsivity summarized above are seen in close proximity to each other.

RECOMMENDATIONS FOR MOTHERS AND FAMILIES OF HYPERACTIVE CHILDREN

Some of the recommendations and suggestions that families with hyperactive children should know about ADHD are summarized in 7 items.

  • Families with hyperactive children should try to be positive.
  • A system must be established and adhered to.
  • Sleep should be encouraged at the end of the movement.
  • Rules and expectations should be clear
  • It should be known that healthy nutrition has a positive effect on the mind.
  • Children should be taught how to make friends
  • Remember that the problem can be overcome with a comprehensive treatment method: education, medical support, exercise, music, etc.
  • If you have been diagnosed, you can receive free, state-supported education from private educational institutions.

WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF HYPERACTIVITY AND ATTENTION DEFICIT IN ADULTS AND THEIR REFLECTIONS ON SOCIAL LIFE?

ADHD is a difference that can have negative effects on a person’s social life in adulthood.
Reflection of ADHD difference in social life in adulthood
Getting into financial trouble due to impulsive spending
Failure to pay bills on time Not
completing household chores
Failure to manage daily life organizations
Chronically very intense disappointment
Chronic stress and anxiety due to not reaching set goals
Academic failure due to failing grades
Excessive conflict in marriage in adults
Frequent job changes
Substance use.

WHO CAN DIAGNOSE ATTENTION DEFICIT AND HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER?

Hyperactivity and attention deficit disorder are diagnosed by medical specialists; pediatricians or psychiatrists.
After the diagnosis is made, especially in school-age children, special education and rehabilitation are used to try to regulate the child’s behavior so that they can adapt to social life.
In this way, school failure, social communication disorders or academic failure are prevented before reaching adulthood.
According to DSM5, doctors are now required to classify the diagnosis as mild, moderate or severe.

WHAT IS ATTENTION DEFICIT AND HYPERACTIVITY TEST?

Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder tests are different for children and adults. They are written or visual tests to understand whether a person has ADHD. Test results are examined by medical doctors and the diagnosis is made by medical doctors after the test results, but before applying to a specialist, you can review item 6 to define yourself and at least have an idea.

Testing for ADHD, attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder in children

  • Conners test
  • Swanson Nolan Pelhalm test
  • Vanderbilt

Tests for ADHD attention deficit and hyperactivity in adults

  • Conners test (for adults)
  • Adult self-assessment test
  • Wender Utah test
  • There are also tests called World Health Tests. DSM-5 Diagnostic Guide Wisconsin, Moxo Test etc. are also applied.

OTHER PROBLEMS ACCOMPANYING ATTENTION DEFICIT AND HYPERACTIVITY

ADHD is a neurodevelopmental difference that has genetic, hormonal and environmental causes.
There are many neurodevelopmental differences that are affected by the same common genes.

Differences accompanying ADHD
Learning disabilities
Reading, writing difficulties
Dyslexia
Autism spectrum disorder (hyperactivity is often seen in autistic children)
Anxiety and disruptive behavior disorders
Epilepsy etc.

OTHER PROBLEMS COMMONLY CONFUSED WITH ADHD

ADHD rarely occurs alone.
We have stated that ADHD is a neurodevelopmental difference and therefore occurs with similar conditions resulting from shared genes.

Now let’s take a look at the conditions that are often confused with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder. Research shows that more than two-thirds of people with ADHD symptoms have learning difficulties and academic failure, along with problems adapting to social life.

It can show symptoms that can be confused with thyroid hormone problems and epilepsy.
42% of adult patients who are resistant to thyroid hormone are diagnosed with ADHD. Later studies found a relationship between thyroid hormone levels and hyperactivity/impulsivity, but no relationship was found with attention deficit (Hauser 1997).

IS THERE A CONNECTION BETWEEN ADHD AND DELAYED SPEECH?

There may be a connection between ADHD differences and late speech because listening habits are related to learning as well as attention.
There are some studies showing that there is less blood flow in the frontal lobe of the brain in children with ADHD due to the small size of the frontal lobe.
The smaller caudate nucleus, dopamine, norepinephrine, and other systems can also be affected.
The structural problems mentioned above can lead to language, speech, or behavioral problems.

ATTENTION DEFICIT AND HYPERACTIVITY FREQUENCY STATISTICS

Today, we understand from the statements of the American Psychiatric Association that 5% to 8% of children are affected by attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder, and half of the children with ADHD continue to show symptoms into adulthood, meaning they are unaware that they are hyperactive or do not care.
The frequency of occurrence in boys is 4 times higher than in girls.
However, children with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder have difficulties in social life as much as adults. For this reason, they struggle with failures and anxiety problems in terms of social adaptation without even realizing it. What is attention deficit, statistics and frequency of occurrence
In other words, many adults who have not been diagnosed with ADHD continue their lives today without knowing it. Continuously following the current statistics of ADHD, examining how it actually develops, and developing adults’ awareness of the issue will be beneficial for public health.

WHAT CAN BE SAID ABOUT ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER DURING THE TREATMENT PHASE?

Diagnosis is of great importance in treatment, attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder is mostly diagnosed between the ages of 6-12.
How is ADHD treated?
It is known that treatment is applied in the triangle of “family, special education, medication use”.
Special education and rehabilitation support should be put into practice in childhood before reaching adulthood. Treatment with medications prescribed by medical doctors should be considered in adults rather than children in the first place.
While parental education is a priority for children up to the age of 6, special education and rehabilitation should be included in the treatment processes in later ages.
The success of the treatment reaches its conclusion with the guidance of the family, expert teachers and medical doctor.

EFFECTS OF DRUGS ON ATTENTION DEFICIT AND HYPERACTIVITY

Medication use in childhood is not recommended before the age of 12. Parental education is recommended until the age of 6, and special education, attention, language, and behavioral training therapy between the ages of 6 and 12.
In academic recommendations made by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) and other authority organizations regarding medications for attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder, medication use is not recommended for school-age children, especially in preschool age.
Although special education and rehabilitation processes in children begin in preschool age, more than 200 studies on medication use after adolescence or in adulthood have determined the effectiveness of psychosocial treatments with medications.
Stimulant group medications, dextroamphetamine, pemoline, and methylphenidate are frequently used in the treatment of ADHD, and their effectiveness is known.

WHAT IS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SPECIAL EDUCATION AND REHABILITATION PROCESS AND ADHD?

Special education and rehabilitation centers must have Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder diagnosed by medical doctors in order to start their education.
ADHD in children who need special education is a neurodevelopmental difference, meaning the child is not intentionally naughty.
Treatment methods differ depending on whether the individual is a child or an adult.
Special education and rehabilitation processes are solved especially in children by integrating the family, especially mothers, into the treatment.
Since early application of special education and rehabilitation processes in children means that the person will not carry this problem into adulthood, it is important in terms of academic success and school failure.
In order to prevent children from experiencing academic or school failure due to social communication difficulties at later ages, please benefit from the special education services provided in state-supported and free one-on-one special education and rehabilitation centers.
It should not be forgotten that including therapy methods in special education and rehabilitation centers in the treatment processes of children before they start school is an investment in the child’s future.

EFFECTS OF MUSIC ON HYPERACTIVE CHILDREN

In hyperactive children, just like adults with attention deficit, the importance of “music” is emphasized in terms of helping to focus and facilitating focus in individuals with ADHD symptoms.
Positive effects of music on ADHD
Thanks to the positive effects music creates on the human body, it can have a relaxing, calming effect on children with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder.
In children diagnosed with ADHD, it generally has a positive effect on low dopamine levels, which is related to “dopamine; focus, motivation, attention”. Concentration increases with an increase in dopamine levels.
The music does not have to be professional, it can be improvised music, or music you produce with your own instrument. Socialization, focus, language speaking, sensory integration studies can be more efficient with the increase in concentration of music.
It can also be music you enjoy listening to.
It is known that music increases dopamine levels in the body, and based on this, it can be said that it can have a positive effect on ADHD.
There are studies that have reported that white noise has a positive effect on ADHD.
In some studies on ADHD, classical music is recommended due to the positive effects of composers such as Mozart, Vivaldi or Handel on brain frequencies and hormones.

The following statement by Ruth Underhill, author of Papago Women, a book about the Arizona Papagos Indians, is noteworthy: ‘Indians, music through song was not just a way of expressing themselves. It was a magic that called upon the forces of nature and united them with the human will. People sang in trouble and danger to improve silk and grow crops.’

We can say that there are many famous Aspergers and famous autistic people from the world of art and science who are thought to have ADHD symptoms.

THE PLACE OF SPORTS EXERCISE IN CHILDREN WITH ADHD

ADHD – sports – occupational therapy is important both in terms of getting rid of the child’s energy and balancing hormone levels.
It is known that sports and exercise are linked to the increase in some hormone levels in ADHD.
It has been proven by many studies that neurotransmitters such as norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin increase in the body as a result of exercise.
“Norepinephrine” determines the nature of attention and response behaviors. It is better known as noradrenaline.

“Dopamine” is related to attention, memory, learning, movement coordination, sleep, motivation. It is known as one of the happiness hormones along with serotonin.

“Seratonin” is known as the happiness hormone. Its low levels are associated with depression and anxiety.
Exercise – doing sports provides the secretion of endorphins, thus reducing tension and stress.

Sensory integration and occupational therapy units of special education units are helpful in this regard.

It should not be forgotten that physical therapy and rehabilitation and sensory integration units are units that need to be supported if needed.

According to research conducted by the Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, it was determined that running for 15 minutes or walking for 1 hour a day reduces the risk of major depression by 26%.
In other words, when children and adults with hyperactivity or attention deficit do exercise and sports, the systems in our body work in the same way as ADHD medications such as Ritalin and Adderall.

The effect of exercise on the neurodevelopmental structural dimensions of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder will be revealed when attention is paid to the definition of hormones above.
Finally, it should be noted that in children with ADHD, hyperactivity disorder or attention deficit disorder, sports will help to establish a sleep pattern and create harmony with healthy rest.

Finally, please do not neglect to seek expert advice on ADHD. Continuously following current ADHD statistics, examining how it develops, and improving adults’ awareness of the issue will be beneficial for public health. We strongly recommend that families and mothers follow attention deficit expert advice.

What is Autism? Causes of Autism, Types, Education treatment and speech in children with autism

Occupational Therapy in 12 Items

Information about dyslexia

Autism alternative treatments, broccoli, B6 supplement, vitamin, mineral, chelation, music, sensory therapy, melatonin

What is ADHD? Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

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Source 1 : Nih

Source 2 : NHS

Source 3: Cdc

Source 4: Helpguide

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